A nematic liquid crystalline polymalonate has been synthesized by melt polycondensation of a nonlinear optical (NLO) monomer and a liquid crystalline (LC) monomer. The polymer was characterized by VPO, FTIR, DSC, WAXD, UV-visible spectroscopy and polarized optical microscopy. The LC temperature interval was found between 398 K and 420 K by DSC. Some interactions originated from the attachment of the side groups to the polymer backbone were detected by UV-vis spectroscopy.