The effect of a holed-pin mixing section on the performance of a single screw extruder was investigated and compared with a free flight and a normal pin mixing section, using a practical single-screw extruder. The effect of axial distance between two pins in a holed-pin mixing section on performance was also studied. Mixing ability was quantified using the statistical approach of carbon black concentration distribution in the extruded film mixed with a carbon black masterbatch. The results indicate that a free flight gives the lowest melt temperature rise, pressure drop, and driver power, but the worst mixing; a holed-pin mixing section has better mixing ability, lower melt temperature rise, and lower driver power than a normal pin mixing section does; the value of the pressure drop of the two types of pin mixing sections is approximately identical. A longer axial distance between the two pins in a holed-pin mixing section gives better mixing and lower melt temperature rise than a shorter one; however, when the distance is longer than a critical value, the improvement of mixing is not so outstanding; for different axial distances between two pins, no great change in pressure drop was found and the extrusion throughput has almost no great relation to the axial distance.