Micromechanical phenomena are the key to the understanding of the mechanical behavior of energetic materials. Not only their mechanical behavior is influenced by micromechanics, but also their sensitivity to mechanical impacts. This paper describes today＇s knowledge about micromechanical phenomena in energetic materials and their influence on the macroscopic observable mechanical behavior, the measurement technique and a modern approach to the analytics and the design of energetic materials with the help of computational methods.