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Renewable Energy, Vol.19, No.1, 333-338, 2000
Comparison of solar hydrogen storage systems with and without power-electronic DC-DC-converters
For long-time-storage problems of electrical energy, hydrogen-storage-systems have some significant advantages. In photovoltaic systems, especially in island-applications, they can help to solve the seasonal storage problem with solar energy and a not correlated energy demand. In summer the surplus of photovoltaic energy is used to produce hydrogen-gas by water electrolysis. In winter the hydrogen is converted back to electricity with a fuel-cell at high efficiency. This usuary needs extensive system technology and therefore it is only useful for complex photovoltaic systems. One problem in such hydrogen plants is efficiency and cost of the power electronic devices. Therefore, there exist some ideas and concepts in order to eliminate most of the converter-technology by a direct coupling of the electrochemical devices on the same DC-bus-bar without equalising the different operating-points by converters. The train of thought are backed up by simulations especially with regards to efficiency and the results which are shown seem to be a glimmer of hope. But what about the costs and the possibility for realisation in real hydrogen plants? The aim of this paper is to consider the mentioned aspects by surveying especially those hydrogen plants, which, from our point of view, may become technological maturity at first. The results of these investigations are then corroborated through a data analysis of the existing power-plant PHOEBUS of the AG-Solar in Julich, Germany.