Science, Vol.277, No.5331, 1480-1482, 1997
Time-Resolved Coherent Photoelectron-Spectroscopy of Quantized Electronic States on Metal-Surfaces
Time-resolved two-photon photoemission in combination with the coherent excitation of several quantum states was used to study the ultrafast electron dynamics of image-potential states on metal surfaces, For a (100) surface oi copper, the spectroscopy of quantum beats made previously unresolved high-order states (quantum number n greater than or equal to 4) experimentally accessible, By exciting electrons close to the vacuum level, electron wave packets could be created and detected that described the quasi-classical periodic motion of weakly bound electrons, They traveled more than 200 Angstrom away from the surface and oscillated back and forth with a period of 800 femtoseconds.