We analyze in detail the thermodynamic properties and the kinetic features of adsorption on fractal structures, focusing on those topics that can be useful in practical adsorption-based processes and highlighting the theoretical results that can be applied in the design of suitable separation and sorption conditions. The development and the application of thermodynamically consistent models of adsorption isotherms, encompassing the fractality of the adsorbent and the volume-to-surface effects in microporous fractal structures, are analyzed.