Biomass energy resources are quite abundant in China and have reached 730 million tons of coal equivalent (TCE) representing about 70% of the total energy consumption for household use. China has attached a great importance to the development and utilization of biomass energy resources by implementing some programs such as biogas construction, efficiency improved stove extension, firewood development, and thermal gasification to meet the new demands for energy as the economy grows. Based on the analysis of the status and overview of different biomass energy resources and technologies, it has been suggested that increased use of low-carbon and non-carbon energy resources, instead of high-carbon fossil fuels, is an important option for energy and environment strategy and has bright prospects in China.