Thermochimica Acta, Vol.314, No.1-2, 123-129, 1998
Enthalpies and heat capacities of liquid Fe-Cr-Ni alloys with the focus on pure liquid chromium
Investigations on measuring the activities and the mixing enthalpies of the Fe-Ni, Ni-Cr and Fe-Cr liquid binary systems show only weak negative deviations from ideal behaviour. Therefore, only small atomic interactions occur between the atoms in these melts. Extending this argument to the liquid Fe-Cr-Ni alloy system where, especially in the iron-rich corner, the activities are characterized only by small deviations from the Roault's law, it is predicted that the heat capacities of the ternary alloys follow ideal behaviour and can be calculated as a result of the weighted sum of the individual contributions of each pure component. The determination of the heat capacity as a derivation of enthalpy with respect to temperature, from heat-content measurements by levitation drop calorimetry for three Liquid iron-rich ternary Fe-Cr-Ni alloys, thus enabled calculations of the heat capacity for pure chromium based on the literature values for iron and nickel. The heat capacities for the Liquid chromium indirectly obtained using these thermodynamic correlations are : (36.56+/-7.53), (38.91+/-7.84), and (40.73+/-6.71) J mol(-1) K-1. The values confirm the frequently cited standard of 39.33 J mol(-1) K-1, as proposed by Hultgren et al., but differ clearly from the estimate of 50+/-8 J mol(-1)K(-1) proposed by Gurvich et al. and used in the SGTE database.
Keywords:THERMODYNAMIC EXCESS FUNCTIONS;THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES;ALGEBRAIC REPRESENTATION;UNDERCOOLED MELTS;HIGH-TEMPERATURES;IRON;NICKEL;SOLIDIFICATION;CONVERSION;SYSTEMS