A thermochemical study of 1,10-decanediol has been performed using adiabatic calorimetry and thermoanalytical techniques. The low-temperature heat capacities of 1,10-decanediol were determined precisely with a small sample automated adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range from 80 to 370 K. A solid-liquid phase transition was found between 331 and 354 K and the temperature, enthalpy and entropy of the transition were determined to be 345.55 K, 44.2 kJ mol(-1) and 127.9 J K-1 mol(-1), respectively. The melting point, enthalpy and entropy of fusion were also measured by DSC, respectively. The kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition of the compound were determined with the TG and DTG curves. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of the compound at Various temperatures were also measured.