Thin Solid Films, Vol.315, No.1-2, 49-56, 1998
Growth of Ge layers on Si(100) monitored by in situ ellipsometry
Ellipsometric monitoring of the growth of Ge layers on Si(100) by pyrolysis of GeH4 at substrate temperatures of 400, 450 and 500 degrees C was performed by using a single wavelength ellipsometer based on the four detector photopolarimeter. By coupling ellipsometric monitoring with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy surface analysis, the changeover between bi-dimensional and tri-dimensional growth modality at 450 degrees C was found at Ge coverage of about 1 ML. The recorded Psi-Delta data were analysed by using a growth model based on the Effective Medium Approximation (EMA) in order to derive the fraction of voids upsilon and the thickness of the EMA layer h(EMA). The values found for u were consistent with the clustered morphology observed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis of the samples. A qualitative model for the island evolution and for the growth rate of the equivalent Ge layer as a function of the substrate temperature was derived from the calculated upsilon and h(EMA), in agreement with the indications given by AFM and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy film characterisation.
Keywords:atomic force microscopy (AFM);chemical vapour deposition (CVD);ellipsometry;surface morphology