A process synthesis procedure is presented for the resolution of racemic mixtures by crystallization. The phase behaviors of racemic mixtures and of those in the presence of solvents and resolving agents are discussed. The corresponding separation schemes are synthesized by considering the separation steps in a flowsheet as movements on a phase diagram. Separations with and without involving racemization and deracemization are considered. The procedure is illustrated with several examples, including the manufacture of ibuprofen and naproxen.