A family with protanomaly and deuteranomaly is reported. It consists of four members: two parents, a daughter, and a son. The father and the daughter are deuteranomalous, the son is protanomalous, and the mother is color normal. Clinical color vision tests including pseudoisochromatic plates, Farnsworth's dichotomous rest, lantern rest, and anomaloscope were performed. PCR was done using primers to amplify exon 4 and 5 of X-linked visual pigment genes, The father and the daughter had LWS and MWS/LWS (exon4/5) hybrid genes. The son had MWS and LWS/MWS (exon4/5) hybrid genes. The mother had LWS, MWS, and LWS/MWS (exon4/5) hybrid genes. She is considered to have MWS and LWS/MWS hybrid genes on one X chromosome, which was passed to her son and an LWS gene on the other X-chromosome, which was passed to her daughter. (C) 2000 John Wiley &( Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, S93-S95, 2001.