Given the diversity and complexity of technologies involved in the surface treatments and coatings sector, it is very difficult to find references in the existing literature that interlink most of them. The work that is presented here is aimed at filling that gap. In view of its length, it has been necessary to divide it into two parts. The first part deals with surface treatments and refers to the preparation of surfaces and the nature of coatings as two of the factors that affect anticorrosive protection by coatings. In this second part the latter are completed by consideration of coating application processes and environmental conditions during application and drying. Finally, a brief review is made of new tendencies in the sector.