HWAHAK KONGHAK, Vol.20, No.6, 459-472, December, 1982
기상촉매 반응에 의한 에탄올로부터의 에틸렌 제조와 순환공정의 연구
Ethylene from Ethanol by Gas Phase Catalytic Reaction and Its Cyclic Operation
초록
감마 알루미나를 촉매로 사용한 관형 고정층 반응기에서 에탄올의 탈수반응에 의한 에틸렌 생성에 관하여 연구하였고, 순환 조작의 영향도 실험적으로 조사하였다. 반응온도（300 -375 ℃）와 원료의 유속(0.04 -0.321 cc/sec)이 에테르와 에틸렌의 생성에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 조사했으며, 생성물의 조성변화로부터 에탄올의 탈수 반응에 의한 에틸렌 생성은 혼합과정으로 이루어졌음을 알 수 있었다. 온도에 따른 반응속도 상수의 변화로부터 활성화 에너지를 구했고, 촉매 입자내의 물질확산 저항이 에탄올 탈수 반응에 미치는 영향도 조사하였다. 순환조작이 에틸렌의 수율에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 액체원료인 에틸렌의 유량을 순환시켜 보았고, 그 결과 에탄올의 전환율과 에틸렌의 수율이 증가했으나 그 정도가 크지는 않았다.
Gas-phase dehydration of ethanol to ethylene was studied over ν-alumina catalyst in a tubular packed bed reactor, and its cyclic operation was also investigated experimentally.
The effect of temperature（300-375 ℃） and liquid feed rate(0.041-0.321 cc/sec) on formation of ethylene and ether was investigated, and from experimental results and by means of a mathematical model the reaction system was found to be composed of dehydration of ethanol to ethylene, reaction of ethanol to ether and its dehydration to ethylene. The activation energy of each reaction step was estimated from variations in rate constant with reaction temperature. The effect of intraphase diffusional resistance on the reaction was also investigated. Cyclic operation was performed by cycling liquid feed rate in order to see whether yield of ethylene was improved. Experimental results indicated that a small increase in production rate could be obtained in comparison with a steady state operation at the time average feed rate.
The effect of temperature（300-375 ℃） and liquid feed rate(0.041-0.321 cc/sec) on formation of ethylene and ether was investigated, and from experimental results and by means of a mathematical model the reaction system was found to be composed of dehydration of ethanol to ethylene, reaction of ethanol to ether and its dehydration to ethylene. The activation energy of each reaction step was estimated from variations in rate constant with reaction temperature. The effect of intraphase diffusional resistance on the reaction was also investigated. Cyclic operation was performed by cycling liquid feed rate in order to see whether yield of ethylene was improved. Experimental results indicated that a small increase in production rate could be obtained in comparison with a steady state operation at the time average feed rate.