PolyVinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is a polar crystalline polymer commonly found in the apolar alpha crystalline form studied here. The complementarity of a macroscopic (tensile tests at constant crosshead speed) and a microscopic approach (Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering) specifies the cavitation phenomenon occurring in this material when strained. Ar room temperature, microvoids nucleate predominantly in equatorial intraspherulitic amorphous layers, just before the yield. For further strains, these defects grow in the tensile direction and damage affects a larger area of spherulites. This process, combined with classical amorphous shear mechanisms, prevails in PVDF deformation as crystallite fragmentation remains of minor importance, for axial strains of up to 30%.