Effects of concentration and boundary conditions on the cholesteric liquid crystalline condensed state structure and optical property of ethyl-cyanoethyl cellulose were investigated. When cholesteric phase and isotropy phase were coexistent, the solution showed the multi-texture behavior with variation of concentration. With homeotropic anchoring boundary condition, molecules of cholesteric phase inclined to aggregate with focal-conics arrangement. With homogeneous anchoring boundary condition, molecules of cholesteric phase inclined to aggregate with planar arrangement. In addition, the effect of boundary anchoring on the cholesteric condensed state structure could be restrained by the surface tension of the interphase.