We report computer simulations and a theoretical study of the thermodynamics and structure of a dipolar Yukawa system. A comparison between the analytical mean spherical approximation (MSA) solution, perturbation theory and Monte Carlo simulation data of pressure, internal energy and dielectric constant is given. In the perturbation theory, the MSA solution of hard core Yukawa fluid is used as a reference system. It was found that the MSA solution is reasonable only at lower dipole moments, while the perturbation theory gives good results at low and high values of dipole moment. Liquid-vapor coexistence data of dipolar Yukawa fluid are also obtained by Monte Carlo simulation and by both MSA and perturbation theory. It was found that at high dipole moments the liquid-vapor equilibrium disappears while chain-like structures appear in the low density fluid phase. The appearance of chain-like structures of dipolar Yukawa fluid is discussed in comparison with the Stockmayer fluid.