A new approach to ab initio electronic structure calculations of solute molecules in solution is presented. Combined with the molecular Ornstein-Zernike (MOZ) integral equation theory for polyatomic liquids, solute electronic wave function and solvent distribution around a solute are determined in a self-consistent manner. The hypernetted chain approximation is employed for solving the MOZ equation. In order to describe the short-range solute-solvent interactions, the effective potential operating solute electron is placed on a solute molecule, which is determined by a least-squares fitting to ab initio exchange repulsion/charge transfer energies. The present method, referred to as the MOZ self-consistent-field (SCF) method, is applied to a solute H2O molecule in water solvent. The solvent shift for the vertical excitation to the n pi(*) state of H2CO in aqueous solution is also examined. The results obtained by the MOZ-SCF calculations are compared with those by the reference interaction site model-SCF theory and the polarizable continuum model.