In most of design problems of modem production systems, it is always required to find the most appropriate configuration of composing units that can achieve the required system performance with maximum efficiency. A new algorithm called tax-system-like algorithm (TA) has been developed to cope with this difficulty by laking autonomous agent system paradigm as its basis; it has also been developed by mimicking such ability of tax systems as can lead an activity level of a society to desired one by manipulating its tax rate. An appropriate configuration of an agents cluster that works at a desired utilization rate can be self-organized through this algorithm, where the number of agents is adjusted by the balance between rewards and tax payment. A computer based simulation system was also implemented and a series of experiments was carried out in order to evaluate the ability of this approach.