Microstructures and their stability in as-atomised Al-6.5Fe-1.5V and Al-6.5Fe-1.5V-1.7Si powders have been investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. It was observed that microstructures of the as-atomised powder particles showed a close relationship with powder particle sizes. The as-atomised powders exhibited three types of microstructures, namely 'zone A', 'zone B' and 'zone C'. The 'zone A' type microstructure consisted of very fine and homogeneous distributed precipitates in the alpha -Al matrix. The 'zone B' microstructure represented the regions consisting of microcellular structures whereas the 'zone C' microstructure represented the regions consisting of coarse cellular structures and globular quasi-crystalline phase particles. Fine powder particles exhibited both 'zone A' and 'zone B' microstructures. The size of 'zone A' decreased with increasing powder particle sizes. The intercellular phases in 'zone B' of both Al-Fe-V and Al-Fe-V-Si were very fine, randomly oriented microquasi-crystalline icosahedral particles. Microstructures of coarse powder particles exhibited both 'zone B' and 'zone C'. The intercellular phases in 'zone C' of Al-Fe-V powders could be Al6Fe, whereas in Al-Fe-V-Si powders they were probably silicide phase. Formation of powder microstructures may be explained by the interactions between the growing alpha -Al fronts with the freely dispersed, primary phase particles or the solute micro-segregation. Studies using DSC techniques have revealed the microstructural stability of as-atomised powders. There were three DSC exotherms observed in the as-atomised Al-Fe-V powders. The 'zone A' was stable at elevated temperatures and the exotherm peak corresponding to the transformation reactions occurring in 'zone A' was at 360 degreesC. The exotherm peak, which might correspond to the transformation of the globular clusters of microquasi-crystalline icosahedral phase to single-phase icosahedral particles, was at 450 degreesC. The exotherm peak, which may correspond to the formation of Al13Fe4 and Al-45(V, Fe)(7) phases, was at 500 degreesC. In the as-atomised Al-Fe-V-Si powders, only one exotherm was observed with a peak at 400 degreesC. This exotherm may correspond to precipitation of silicide phase particles.