Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol.37, No.22, 4205-4217, 1999
Styrenic surfmer in emulsion copolymerization of acrylic monomers. II. Copolymerization and film properties
Polymerizable styrenic surfactants (surfmers) and nonreactive analogs, have been applied in emulsion copolymerization of acrylic monomers in a seeded semibatch process. Stable core-shell latexes with low levels of coagulum and controlled particle size have been obtained; some of them, with either steric or electrosteric stabilization, display excellent stability to electrolytes, freeze-thaw cycles, and shear flocculation. In addition, the reactive surfactants lead to films with superior performance due to reduced migration of surfactant to the surface (contact angle measurements) and dimensional stability when the films are dipped in water, as well as less water uptake. Some differences also appear in particle morphologies.
Keywords:styrenic surfactants;block copolymers poly(butylene oxide)b(ethylene oxide);nonionic surfmer;anionic surfmer;emulsion copolymerization;core-shell;methyl methacrylate;butyl acrylate;acrylic acid;atomic force microscopy;films;surfactant migration;water uptake