Combustion Science and Technology, Vol.155, 75-103, 2000
Temporal behavior of lifted turbulent jet flames
Measurements of the fluctuating liftoff height of turbulent jet flames were made using a linear photodiode array. A wide range of experimental conditions was investigated, including varying the fuel, nozzle diameter and liftoff height. The amplitudes of the fluctuations in h were found to be of the order of the local large scale of the jet. There is a slight increase in normalized fluctuation level h'/(h) over bar with the mean liftoff height fi : and there is some variation of h/(h) over bar with fuel type. The dominant time scales of the fluctuations of h were found to be considerably Longer than the local large-scale time of the turbulence defined as the local jet width divided by the centerline velocity, tau(delta) = delta/U-cl. By using fuels of different chemical times to vary tau(delta), the measured correlation time tau(1/2) normalized by tau(delta) was found to collapse with Richardson number xi(h). However, the Richardson numbers achieved are dependent largely on the chemical rates of the fuels. Also, experiments in which the nozzles were oriented horizontally showed no change in tau(1/2).
Keywords:liftoff;jet flames