Block copolymers having different strengths of segregation are investigated with respect to their deformation behavior. Disordered block copolymers are deformed by the mechanism which corresponds to a glassy homopolymer. A crazing mechanism is observed for block copolymers with polystyrene as matrix. At the order-disorder transition (ODT), a change from crazing to cavitation mechanism is observed, confirming the change of deformation mechanism at the ODT. For intermediately and strongly segregated block copolymers, observed mechanisms of termination and diversion of crazes are caused by both the increased long-range order and larger grain size with increasing incompatibility. A novel scheme is proposed which summarizes the deformation behavior of block copolymers depending on strength of segregation, chiN. It is now possible to predict the deformation mechanism of a diblock copolymer system only from strength of segregation. Since the mechanical properties are also influenced by strength of segregation, it is possible to create materials with tailored properties utilizing temperature or pressure. The property profiles of different block copolymer systems are summarized to demonstrate the exceptional combination of high strength and toughness of intermediately segregated block copolymers. The presented scheme only represents a qualitative picture of deformation behavior of block copolymers and is only a first step to a future predictive modeling.