Characteristics of Transient Blood Flow in MHVs with Different Maximum Opening Angles using Fluid-Structure Interaction Method

Choeng-Ryul Choi; Chang-Nyung Kim; Myung-Jin Choi

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.18, No.6, 809-815, November, 2001

Choeng-Ryul Choi^†, Chang-Nyung Kim¹, and Myung-Jin Choi¹

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyunghee University, Kyung-gi 449-701, Korea
¹College of Mechanical and Industiral System Engineering, Kyunghee University, Kyung-gi 449-701, Korea

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A numerical analysis has been performed to investigate the characteristics of two-dimensional transient blood flows interacting with the leaflet motion in a bileaflet mechanical heart valve with different maximum opening angles, located in the aortic position. Here, for one cycle of heartbeat the analysis has been carried out in the light of fluid-structure interaction since the blood flow and the leaflet motion are coupled with each other. Blood has been assumed to be a Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid, where the Carreau model has been used for the simulation of non-Newtonian fluid. Physiologic ventricular and aortic pressure waveforms have been used as flow boundary conditions at the ventricle and the aorta. A finite volume computational fluid dynamics code and a finite element structure dynamics code have been used concurrently to solve the flow and the structure equations, respectively, where the two equations are strongly coupled. Flow fields, leaflet behavior, and shear stresses with time have been obtained. Also the discharge and the regurgitation flow rates have been calculated. The maximum shear stress, an important issue for valve hemodynamic analysis, has been found in the vicinity of the contact point where a leaflet contacts with housing in the final stage of the closing phase.

Keywords:Mechanical Heart Valve (MHV);Hemodynamics;Fluid-Structure Interaction;Blood Flow;Pulsatile Flow;Shear Stress

[References]

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[2] Chandran JB, J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 89, 743 (1985)

[3] Chandran KB, Cabel GN, Khalighi B, Chen CJ, J. Biomechanics, 16(10), 865 (1985)

[4] Chendran KM, Khalighi B, Chen CJ, J. Biomechanics, 18(10), 773 (1985)

[5] Farahifar D, Cassot F, Bodard H, J. Biomechanics, 18(10), 789 (1985)

[6] Fatermi RS, Chandran KB, J. Biomech. Eng., 111, 298 (1989)

[7] Gokhale VV, Tanner RJ, Bischoff KB, J. Biomechanics, 11, 241 (1978)

[8] Gross JM, Shemer CD, Hwang NHC, Trans. Am. Soc. Artif. Int. Org., 34, 845 (1988)

[9] Hasenkam JM, Mygaard H, Giersiepen M, Ruel H, Stodhilde-Jorgensen H, J. Biomechanics, 21, 631 (1988)

[10] Imaeda K, Goodman F, J. Biomechanics, 13(8), 1002 (1980)

[11] Jeong Y, Kang IS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 12(5), 540 (1995)

[12] King MJ, "Computational and Experimental Studies of Flow through a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Leeds, UK (1994)

[13] King MJ, Corden J, David T, Fisher J, J. Biomechanics, 29(5), 609 (1996)

[14] King MJ, David T, Fisher J, J. Eng. Med., 208, 63 (1994)

[15] Krafczyk M, Cerrolaza M, Schulz M, Rank E, J. Biomechanics, 31, 453 (1998)

[16] McQueen DM, Peskin C, J. Comput. Fluids, 82, 289 (1985)

[17] Nygaard H, Paulsen PK, Hasenkan JM, Pedersen EM, Rovsing, J. Thorac. Cardiovas. Surg., 107, 438 (1994)

[18] Rossean EPM, Van de Ven APC, Van Steenhoven AA, Seroo JM, J. Biomechanics, 17(2), 145 (1984)

[19] Sallam LA, Shaw A, Bain WH, Scan. J. Thorac. Cardiovas. Surg., 10, 117 (1976)

[20] Sikarskic DL, Stein P, Vable M, J. Biomechanics, 17(11), 831 (1979)

[21] Skalak R, "Finite Elements in Biofluid Mechanics. FE Analysis in Biomechanics," (1982)

[22] Stevenson DM, Yoganathan AP, J. Biomechanics, 18(12), 899 (1985)

[23] Swanson WM, Clark RE, Cir. Res., 35, 871 (1974)

[24] Thubrikar MJ, Selim G, Robicsek F, Fowler B, Ann. Biomed. Eng., 24, S3 (1996)

[25] Thubrikar MJ, Selim G, Robicsek F, Fowler B, "Effect of the Sinus Geometry on the Dynamics of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves(abstract)," Proceedings of the 18th Annual Intermational Confer ence of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Am. sterdam. The Netherlands, pg. 10 November (1996)

[26] Tillman W, Reul H, Herold M, Bruss KH, van Gilse J, J. Biomechanics, 17(4), 263 (1984)

[27] Woo YR, Yoganathan AP, Scand. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 2, 15 (1986)

[28] Yang HQ, Makhijani VB, "A Strongly Coupled Pressure-Based CFD Agroithm for Fluid-Structure Interaction," Proceedings of 32nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit," Reno, NV, AIAA-94-0719 (1994)

[29] Yoganathan AP, Coreoran MH, Harrison EC, J. Biomechanics, 12, 135 (1979)