The intercalation of lithium and sodium ions into different materials derived from polyparaphenylene (PPP) (as synthesized PPP without a thermal treatment, PPP annealed for 36 h at 400 degreesC and PPP pyrolyzed at 700 degreesC for half an hour in argon atmosphere) was studied using the electrolyte composed of ethylene carbonate (E and propylene carbonate (PC) and MC10, as the alkaline salt (M = Li or Na). These materials exhibit various degrees of crystallinity: PPP is a semi-crystalline polymer with about 30% of cristallinity, whereas pyrolyzed PPP exhibits a totally disorganized structure. Spectroscopic characterization indicates that the configurations of the polymer chains are similar in these two materials. Then, we present in this work a comparative study of the intercalation of alkaline ions into these materials in order to specify the effect of the crystalline structure on the intercalation processes. The electrochemical capacities are close whatever the degree of crystallinity contrary to the potentials profiles of the galvanostatic curves. That indicates different intercalation processes into these materials. A two-step mechanism of the intercalation into PPP is proposed. First, the intercalation of the alkaline ions into the crystalline parts of the polymer occurs and secondly the insertion of Li+ and Na+ into the amorphous regions takes place at very low potentials.