A novel transparent and electrically conductive polymer composite has been prepared by using conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and inorganic silica network. In this composite, a conducting PEDOT was incorporated in order to impart the excellent conductivity and the transparency, and an inorganic silica network provided good mechanical properties. In order to achieve the facile composite formation, PEDOT was polymerized during the silica network formation through the in-situ sol-gel process. The resulting transparent and conductive film exhibited similar to 200 S/cm conductivity, more than 80% transparency, and 9H pencil hardness.