Chemical Engineering Research & Design, Vol.79, No.6, 625-630, 2001
Effect of etherifying species on O-alkylation of phenethyl alcohol to perfumery alkyl ethers
The ethers like phenethyl methyl ether (PEME), phenethyl ethyl ether (PEEE), phenethyl isopropyl ether (PEIPE) and phenethyl isoamyl ether (PEIAE) are major components in the perfume and flavour industries. The O-alkylation reaction of phenethyl alcohol (PEA) with alkanols like methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, isoamyl alcohol, in the presence of Dodecatungstophospheric acid, a heteropoly acid supported on K-10 (montmorillonite) catalyst, to the selective formation of PEME, PEEE, PEIPE, PEIAE, respectively, were studied. The initial rate of reaction of phenethyl alcohol with different alkanols was found to be independent of the concentration of the alkanol for an initial phenethyl alcohol concentration of 1.465 x 10(-3) gmol cm(-3). The reaction up to 90 minutes on stream, was also independent of the concentration of alkanols, despite the fact that different initial concentrations of alkanols were chosen. It is interesting to note that, the Arrhenius plots of ln(rate) versus 1/T for all alkanols are represented by a single line with slope which is almost equal, to give activation energy values of 6.1, 6.6, 6.1 and 6.1 kcal gmol(-1) for methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and isoamyl alcohol, respectively. According to the Eiley-Rideal type of mechanism, the rate of phenethyl alcohol reaction is controlled by its chemisorption on the active sites in the absence of any intraparticle resistances.