The effects that electrolyte and air cathode formulation have on discharge capacity, rate capability, and the rechargeability of the lithium/oxygen organic electrolyte cell were characterized. To characterize the effects of cell formulation on the discharge reaction, we used techniques including static and dynamic gas consumption measurements and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that electrolyte formulation has the largest effect on discharge capacity and rate capability. Electrode processing is also important in determining discharge capacity at low rate. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of the carbon black used to prepare the air electrode is not a significant factor in determining discharge capacity. The discharge product was found to depend on both discharge rate and electrolyte formulation. This is understood in terms of the concentration of oxygen in the electrolyte during discharge.