Formation of intensity gratings was studied with two s-polarized (s+s) writing beams in polymer liquid crystals (PLCs) containing a photochromic moiety (azobenzene) and a mesogenic unit (tolane, T-AB; cyanobiphenyl, CB-AB) by means of photoinduced change in alignment of PLCs. Remarkable differences were observed between these two PLCs. T-AB showed higher values of the diffraction efficiency (eta) and a faster response than CB-AB. In photoinduced alignment behavior of the PLCs, T-AB exhibited a faster change in alignment than CB-AB with the value of eta about 30% in the Raman-Nath regime and the maximum value for modulation of the refractive index (Deltan') of about 0.08. It wag revealed that eta and Deltan' are dependent on the structure of the mesogenic unit. In addition, we attempted the holographic image storage of three-dimensional (3-D) objects in the T-AB films. The 3-D object was reconstructed with high resolution (>5000 lines/mm).