전기자동차용 배터리 Pack의 냉각기술 개발 (I)

김준범; Junbom Kim

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.14, No.1, 113-116, February, 2003

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전기자동차용 배터리 Pack의 냉각기술 개발 (I)

Cooling Efficiency Improvement of Battery Pack for Electric Vehicle (I)

김준범 ^†

울산대학교 화학공학과, 울산 680-749

Junbom Kim^†

Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center for Machine Parts and Materials Processing, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Korea

E-mail:

초록

전기자동차에 탑재되는 배터리 pack에 대하여 fan을 사용한 공기흡입 방식의 냉각 실험을 수행하였다. 3차원 finite volume method를 사용하여 실험을 수행하였고, 경계조건은 유속과 압력의 상호관계를 이용한 fan 경계를 적용하였다. 두 종류의 fan을 인접한 위치에 장착하거나 종류가 동일한 fan을 유체흐름 방향의 중간마다 설치한 경우에는 상호간의 연관 작용에 의하여 냉각효율이 저하될 수 있다는 것을 관찰하였다. 좁은 공간을 흐르던 유체가 넓은 공간에 접하게 될 경우 유속저하와 더불어 방향성을 잃고 심한 난류현상이 발생하게 되어 냉각유체 흐름에 저항요소로 작용한다는 것을 관찰하였다. 공기흡입구의 크기와 fan의 위치 등을 조절하여 배터리 pack 내부의 냉각유체 흐름을 보다 원활하고 균일하게 개선할 수 있었다.

Cooling experiments of battery pack using axial and/or radial fans were conducted for electric vehicle. Three-dimensional finite volume method was used and fan boundary condition related to flow rate and pressure loss was applied. Cooling efficiency was reduced due to interrelation effect in case that different type of fan lying adjacent to each other or same type of fan were positioned along flow path. Coolant flow became turbulent and lost velocity in downstream in sudden enlargement of cross-sectional area. Coolant fluid velocity and distribution inside battery pack were improved through experiments of air intake hole size, shape and fan type, and position.

Keywords:battery pack design;cooling;electric vehicle;fan

[References]

Unnewehr LE, Nasar SA, Electric Vehicle Technology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York (1982)
Bates B, Electric Vehicles: A Decade of Transition, Society of Automobile Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, Pennsylvania (1992)
Wakefield EH, History of the Electric Automobile, Society of Automobile Engineers, Warrendable, Pennsylvania (1994)
Welty JR, Wicks CE, Wilson RE, Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York (1984)
Chapra SC, Canale RP, Numerical Methods for Engineers, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York (1990)
Carnahan B, Luther HA, Wilkes JO, Applied Numerical Methods, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York (1990)
Borse GJ, Numerical Methods with MATLAB, PWS Publishing Company, Boston (1997)

[Related Articles]

[1] Unnewehr LE, Nasar SA, Electric Vehicle Technology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York (1982)

[2] Bates B, Electric Vehicles: A Decade of Transition, Society of Automobile Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, Pennsylvania (1992)

[3] Wakefield EH, History of the Electric Automobile, Society of Automobile Engineers, Warrendable, Pennsylvania (1994)

[4] Welty JR, Wicks CE, Wilson RE, Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York (1984)

[5] Chapra SC, Canale RP, Numerical Methods for Engineers, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York (1990)

[6] Carnahan B, Luther HA, Wilkes JO, Applied Numerical Methods, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York (1990)

[7] Borse GJ, Numerical Methods with MATLAB, PWS Publishing Company, Boston (1997)