Time dependent deformation at the individual fiber level was investigated in graphite fiber/epoxy composites at elevated temperatures using micro Raman spectroscopy (MRS) and a time dependent shear-lag based single fiber composite model (SFM). The modeling parameters were obtained from the creep response of the unfilled epoxy at several stress levels and at temperatures up to 80 degreesC. An effective fiber spacing was used in the model predictions to account for the radial decay of the interfacial shear stress from the fiber surface. Good agreement was observed between the model predictions and MRS data when the temperature dependence of p (the shear stress in the matrix yielded zone) and c (the critical shear strain for the onset of inelasticity) were taken into account. Overall, the inelastic length growing from the fiber fractures increases with temperature and time. This leads to a wider stress concentration profile in the neighboring intact fibers, which increases the chance of failure in the intact fibers and facilitates the creep-rupture process of the composite. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers.