The evaluation of the size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) concentration elution curves by means of a calibration dependence obtained in a given SEC set for a polymer different from the polymer to be analyzed results in an error in the determination of both molecular weight and molecular-weight distribution (MWD). The problem is analyzed assuming the, validity of the universal-calibration concept. The differences between the true and apparent values of molecular weight, MWD and M-w/M-n, depend on and are expressed in terms of the parameters of the Mark-Houwink-Kuhn-Sakurada equation, describing the molecular-weight dependence of intrinsic viscosity, for the polymer to be analyzed and the polymer used for calibration. The differences in molecular weight and the M-w/M-n ratio are typically tens of percent and, in extreme cases, can amount up to a factor of three for molecular weight and a factor of two for the M-w/M-n ratio. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.