Selective Nitration of Phenol to ortho-Nitrophenol using Dilute Nitric Acid by Microemulsion of Cetytrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) in Isooctane

Gen-sheng Yang; Jie-hua Shi; Jinghua Li

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.20, No.5, 886-888, September, 2003

Gen-sheng Yang^†, Jie-hua Shi, and Jinghua Li

College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China

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The paper reports near-selective nitration of phenol to ortho-nitrophenol using CTAB microemulsion solution in the presence of dilute nitric acid. The difference betweem the selective nitration of different kinds of surfactants such as AOT (anionic surfactant) and CTAB (cationic surfactant) has been investigated. All these experimental results indicate that microemulsions can be selective to give the ortho-phenol.

Keywords:CTAB;Microemulsion;Selective Nitration;Phenol;o-Nitrophenol;p-Nitrophenol

[References]

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[1] Booth G, "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry," B. Elvers, S. Hawkins and G. Schulz Eds., Vol. A17, VCH Publishers, FRG (1987)

[2] Chhatre AS, Joshi RA, Kulkarni BD, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 158, 183 (1993)

[3] Choi SY, Oh SG, Bae SY, Moon SK, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 16(3), 377 (1999)

[4] Holmberg K, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 51, 137 (1994)

[5] Langevin D, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 138, 259 (1986)

[6] Lindman B, Danielson I, Colloids Surf., 3, 391 (1981)

[7] Schofield K, "Aromatic Nitration," Cambridge Uni. Press, London/New York (1980)

[8] Thompson MJ, Zeegers PJ, Tetrahedron, 45(1), 191 (1989)