Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was carried out in slurry phase over cobalt-based catalysts supported on mesoporous metallo-silicates prepared by the rapid room-temperature synthesis method. The incorporation of Al and Ti into the silica framework was confirmed by NMR, FT-IR, and UV. Although the catalyst supported on mesoporous silica (MPS) was deactivated during the reaction, the catalysts supported on mesoporous Al- and Ti-silicates (MPAS and MPTS) showed high and stable activity. The selectivity for higher hydrocarbons (alpha) increased with the amount of tetrahedral Al incorporated into the silica framework.