Chemical Engineering Science, Vol.58, No.19, 4387-4401, 2003
Application of in situ adaptive tabulation to CFD simulation of nano-particle formation by reactive precipitation
Reactive precipitation involves four fundamental processes: mixing-limited reaction, nucleation, growth, and aggregation. A novel algorithm, in situ adaptive tabulation (ISAT), has been implemented in a code for micromixing simulations, which is often applied together with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), using full probability density function (PDF) methods to incorporate these fundamental processes in the formation of nano-particles by reactive precipitation in a plug-flow reactor. The quadrature method of moments is applied to solve population balance equations for turbulent aggregation of the growing particles. The various performance issues (error control, accuracy, number of records, speed-up) for ISAT are discussed. Based on a large number of simulations, an error tolerance of 10(-4)- 10(-5) is found to be satisfactory for carrying out time-evolving full PDF simulations of nano-particle formation by reactive precipitation. Our results show that CFD simulation of reactive precipitation requires a much smaller computational effort when the ISAT algorithm is implemented than when direct integration is used. Finally, the effects of initial species concentrations, micromixing time. and turbulent shear rate on the reactive precipitation of barium sulfate are studied. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:computational fluid dynamics;particle formation;precipitation;ISAT;population balance;mixing