The photoinduced (266 nm) ultrafast decarboxylation of the peroxyester tert-butyl 9-methylfluorene-9-percarboxylate (TBFC) in solution has been studied with femtosecond time resolution. While the photodissociation of TBFC occurs too fast to be resolved, the intermediate 9-methylfluorenylcarbonyloxy radical (MeFl-CO2) decarboxylates on a picosecond time scale. The latter process is monitored by pump-probe absorption spectroscopy at wavelengths between 400 and 883 nm. The measured transient absorbance signals reveal a dominant fast decay with a lifetime of a few picoseconds and, to a minor extent, a slow component with a lifetime of about 55 ps. Statistical modeling of MeFl-CO2 decarboxylation employing molecular parameters calculated by density functional theory suggests that the fast component is associated with the decarboxylation of vibrationally hot radicals, whereas the 55 ps decay reflects the dissociation of thermally equilibrated MeFl-CO2 at ambient temperature. The vast majority of MeFl-CO2 radicals thus decarboxylate on a time scale about an order of magnitude faster than expected from the time constant of 55 ps reported by Falvey and Schuster for this reference reaction. This literature value turns out to refer to decarboxylation rate of MeFl-CO2 at ambient temperature.