화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol.107, No.51, 11577-11586, 2003
Atomic additivity of the correlation energy in molecules by the DFT-B3LYP scheme
The problem of the electron correlation in the DFT-B3LYP method is considered. It is suggested that the effective correlation energy can be retrieved by a difference E(corr)(t)(B3LYP) = E(B3LYP) - E(HF). Subt sequently, it is shown that E(Corr)(t)(B3LYP) exhibits remarkable atomic additivity, similar to that found earlier for t ab initio MP2, MP3, MP4, and G3 methods. Performance of the additivity formula in reproducing the B3LYP correlation energies of Lewis' systems described by a single dominant resonance structure is astonishing as evidenced by AAD = 1.3 kcal/mol and R-2 = 0.99999. The effective correlation energies span a very large range of values extending from 199 to 1963 for the cc-pVDZ basis sets and from 204 to 1980 (in kcal/mol) if the G3Large basis set is employed. The calculations can be performed on the back of an envelope by elementary arithmetic operations. Importantly, it is shown that there is a close relation between E(corr)(t)(B3LYP) and the correlation energy E(corr)G3 calculated by the G3 computational scheme. Moreover, it t t turns out that their difference can be resolved into atomic contributions too. By utilization of this simple correction term, it is possible to scale down E(corr)(t)(B3LYP) values to the quite accurate G3 correlation energies. The underlying picture behind the additivity property is that of the neutral atoms in their canonical hybridization states placed at the equilibrium positions, which strongly indicates that the composite Fermi-Coulomb holes are localized on atoms or that they behave as if they were localized in the atomic domains. In other words, the FC holes significantly contribute to the total molecular energy only if the reference electron is placed in the domains of the inner-core, valence-bond, and lone-pair electrons. They are highly insensitive to the fine details of the electron distributions caused by chemical bonding. Support for these conjectures is offered by the Luken-Baerends model description of the total correlation holes in molecules.