The study on the structure stability of AA3003 alloy produced by an intense plastic straining process named accumulative roll bonding (ARB) has been conducted. The results show that continuous recrystallization took place in the ARBed 3003 alloy with increasing the annealing time at 250degreesC and increasing the annealing temperature to 275degreesC. While, discontinuous recrystallization began in some regions after 300degreesC annealing, and nearly finished after 400degreesC annealing. Furthermore, an unusual tensile behavior was observed in this alloy after annealing at 250 - 275degreesC. The Hall-Petch dependence was observed in the plot of microhardness versus d(-1/2) of the ARBed 3003 alloy, but its dependence slope was changed. The ultra-fine grains (< 1 μm) formed in the ARBed 3003 alloy can be stable until annealing at 250&DEG;C for 1 h, and the fine grains (< 2 mum) can be stable until annealing at 275degreesC for 1 h. Therefore, grain structure formed in the ARBed 3003 alloys after intense plastic strain is reasonably stable. In addition, the mechanism of structure stability and mechanical behavior were also discussed. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers.