Synthesis and Characterization of ω-Sulfonated Polystyrene-stabilized Cadmium Sulfide Nanoclusters

Yong Hyun Jin; Jungahn Kim; Seung Soon Im

Macromolecular Research, Vol.12, No.6, 604-607, December, 2004

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Synthesis and Characterization of ω-Sulfonated Polystyrene-stabilized Cadmium Sulfide Nanoclusters

Yong Hyun Jin, Jungahn Kim^†, and Seung Soon Im¹

Polymer Hybrids Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.D. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Korea
¹Department of Textile Engineering, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang, Seongdong, Seoul 133-791, Korea

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We report an important and useful method for preparing ω-sulfonated polystyrene-stabilized cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoclusters. The ω-sulfonated polystyrene (M_n = 5000 g/mol) was prepared successfully through chain-end sulfonation of poly(styryl)lithium using 1,3-propanesultone; the resulting polymer was used successfully as a polymeric stabilizing agent for the preparation of semiconductor CdS nanoclusters by reduction of cadmium acetate in a mixture of toluene and methanol (9:1, v/v). The nanoclusters that formed were characterized by a combination of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV/Vis spectroscopic analysis. The ω-sulfonated polystyrene-stabilized CdS nanoclusters synthesized in this study exhibited the cubic phase (zinc-blende phase) structure in the range of 2~8 nm.

Keywords:cadmium sulfide;chain-end sulfonation;nanoclusters;semiconductor;ω-sulfonated polystyrene

[References]

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Kelly KL, Coronado E, Zhao LL, Schatz GC, J. Phys. Chem. B, 107(3), 668 (2003)
Niemeyer CM, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 40, 4128 (2001)
Forster S, Plantenberg T, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 41, 688 (2002)
Parak WJ, Gerion D, Pellegrino T, Zanchet D, Micheel C, Williams SC, Boudreau R, LeGros MA, Larabell CA, Alivisatos AP, Nanotechnology, 14, R15 (2003)
Teranishi T, Kiyokawa I, Miyake M, Adv. Mater., 10, 596 (1998)
Corbierre MK, Cameron NS, Sutton M, Mochrie SGJ, Lurio LB, Ruhm A, Lennox RB, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123(42), 10411 (2001)
Lowe AB, Sumerlin BS, Donovan MS, McCormick CL, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(39), 11562 (2002)
Graber KC, Freeman RG, Hommer MB, Natan MJ, Anal. Chem., 67, 735 (1995)
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Stoeva S, Klabunde KJ, Sorensen CM, Dragieva I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(10), 2305 (2002)
Tanke RS, Kauzlarich SM, Patten TE, Pettigrew KA, Murphy DL, Thompson ME, Lee HWH, Chem. Mater., 15, 1682 (2003)
Kim J, Kim SS, Kim KH, Jin YH, Hong SM, Hwang SS, Cho BG, Shin DY, Im SS, Polymer, 45(10), 3527 (2004)
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Moffitt M, Vali H, Eisenberg A, Chem. Mater., 10, 1021 (1998)
Chen Y, Ji X, Jiang S, Sun Q, Jiang B, Colloid Polym. Sci., 281, 386 (2003)
Forster S, Antonietti M, Adv. Mater., 10, 195 (1998)
Morton M, Fetters LJ, Rubber Chem. Technol., 48, 359 (1975)
Quirk RP, Kim J, Macromolecules, 24, 4515 (1991)
Quirk RP, Yoo T, Lee Y, Kim J, Lee B, Adv. Polym. Sci., 153, 67 (2000)
Hirai T, Watanabe T, Komasawa I, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104(38), 8962 (2000)
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Herron N, Wang Y, Eckert H, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 1322 (1990)
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[1] Kastner MA, Phys. Today, 24 (1993)

[2] Horn D, Rieger J, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 40, 4330 (2001)

[3] Kelly KL, Coronado E, Zhao LL, Schatz GC, J. Phys. Chem. B, 107(3), 668 (2003)

[4] Niemeyer CM, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 40, 4128 (2001)

[5] Forster S, Plantenberg T, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 41, 688 (2002)

[6] Parak WJ, Gerion D, Pellegrino T, Zanchet D, Micheel C, Williams SC, Boudreau R, LeGros MA, Larabell CA, Alivisatos AP, Nanotechnology, 14, R15 (2003)

[7] Teranishi T, Kiyokawa I, Miyake M, Adv. Mater., 10, 596 (1998)

[8] Corbierre MK, Cameron NS, Sutton M, Mochrie SGJ, Lurio LB, Ruhm A, Lennox RB, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123(42), 10411 (2001)

[9] Lowe AB, Sumerlin BS, Donovan MS, McCormick CL, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(39), 11562 (2002)

[10] Graber KC, Freeman RG, Hommer MB, Natan MJ, Anal. Chem., 67, 735 (1995)

[11] Templeton AC, Wuelfing WP, Murray RW, Accounts Chem. Res., 33, 27 (2000)

[12] Stoeva S, Klabunde KJ, Sorensen CM, Dragieva I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(10), 2305 (2002)

[13] Tanke RS, Kauzlarich SM, Patten TE, Pettigrew KA, Murphy DL, Thompson ME, Lee HWH, Chem. Mater., 15, 1682 (2003)

[14] Kim J, Kim SS, Kim KH, Jin YH, Hong SM, Hwang SS, Cho BG, Shin DY, Im SS, Polymer, 45(10), 3527 (2004)

[15] Lu C, Wu N, Wei F, Zhao X, Jiao X, Xu J, Luo C, Cao W, Adv. Funct. Mater., 13, 548 (2003)

[16] Guo SW, Konopny L, Popovitz-Biro R, Cohen H, Porteanu H, Lifshitz E, Lahav M, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 121(41), 9589 (1999)

[17] Qi L, Colfen H, Antonietti M, Nano Lett., 1, 61 (2001)

[18] Moffitt M, Vali H, Eisenberg A, Chem. Mater., 10, 1021 (1998)

[19] Chen Y, Ji X, Jiang S, Sun Q, Jiang B, Colloid Polym. Sci., 281, 386 (2003)

[20] Forster S, Antonietti M, Adv. Mater., 10, 195 (1998)

[21] Morton M, Fetters LJ, Rubber Chem. Technol., 48, 359 (1975)

[22] Quirk RP, Kim J, Macromolecules, 24, 4515 (1991)

[23] Quirk RP, Yoo T, Lee Y, Kim J, Lee B, Adv. Polym. Sci., 153, 67 (2000)

[24] Hirai T, Watanabe T, Komasawa I, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104(38), 8962 (2000)

[25] Lu SY, Wu ML, Chen HL, J. Appl. Phys., 93, 5789 (2003)

[26] Herron N, Wang Y, Eckert H, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 1322 (1990)

[27] Diaz D, Rivera M, Ni T, Rodriguez JC, Gastillo-Blum SE, Nagesha D, Robles J, Alvarez-Fregoso OJ, Kotov NA, J. Phys. Chem. B, 103(45), 9854 (1999)

[28] Sooklal K, Hanus LH, Ploehn HJ, Murphy CJ, Adv. Mater., 10, 1083 (1998)

[29] Carrot G, Scholz SM, Plummer CJG, Hilborn JG, Hedrick JL, Chem. Mater., 11, 3595 (1999)

[30] Wang H, Herron N, J. Phys. Chem., 92, 4988 (1988)

[31] Kamat PV, Dimitrijevic NM, J. Phys. Chem., 93, 4259 (1989)

[32] Nair PS, Revaprasadu N, Radhakrishnan T, Kolawole GA, J. Mater. Chem., 11, 1555 (2001)

[33] Chestnoy N, Harris TD, Hull R, Brus LE, J. Phys. Chem., 90, 3393 (1986)

[34] Moffitt M, Eisenberg A, Chem. Mater., 7, 1178 (1995)

[35] Murray CB, Norris DJ, Bawendi MG, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 2278 (1993)

[36] Moffitt M, McMahon L, Pessel V, Eisenberg A, Chem. Mater., 7, 1185 (1995)

[37] Wang Y, Suna A, Mahler W, Kasowski R, J. Chem. Phys., 87, 7315 (1987)