In order to attain the 2010 target of reducing, nationally, greenhouse gases by 6% to the 1990 level, with reference to the Kyoto Protocol, the Government of Japan has planned and implemented some measures. This paper discusses the possible impacts of these measures on the nitrogen-oxide and sulfur-dioxide emissions from manufacturing industries in Hiroshima Prefecture. Trends of emission from twenty-three types of manufacturing industries in Hiroshima Prefecture, the calculations based on fuel consumption, are presented for 20 years (1990-2010). Three scenarios were developed, related to the possible achievement of particular measures together with Nippon Keidanren (Japan Business Federation) voluntary action plan on the environment. Predictions show that nitrogen-oxide and sulfur-dioxide emissions may be decreased from 18.9 and 21.5 kton in 1990 to 15.1 and 14.2 kton in 2010, respectively if Japanese energy policy and targets in voluntary action plans are successfully implemented. If they are less successfully implemented, the annual sulfur-dioxide emission could decrease to 17.9 kton and nitrogen-oxide emission will be same with 1990s level. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.