Pulses Plus(TM) batteries were developed at Tadiran and introduced into the market few years ago. These batteries combine a primary high-energy bobbin type Li/SOCl2 cell with a hybrid layer capacitor (HLC). The HLC is a battery-like capacitor consisting of lithium intercalation compounds as electrodes with pseudo capacitance of 785 F for standard AA size. The Pulses Plus(TM) battery can deliver very high energy at very high-power pulses (above 15 A at RT). Under low temperature conditions, its power capabilities are also very good, as 2 A, 1 s pulses above 2.5 V at -40degreesC can be obtained. The stability of performance after elevated temperature storage and its low self-discharge rate make this a battery to operate under high pulse power over 20 years. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.