The kinetic analysis of thermal degradation of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)/glassceramic/Ag composites was performed using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and thermogravimetry (TG) data. Two significant stages-main PVB degradation and residual carbon oxidation were observed for thermal oxidative degradation of the composites. The analytical results revealed that compositions of ceramic and silver in an air environment can greatly affect the thermal degradation. The reaction rates and pathways of thermal oxidative degradation of PVB were altered by compositions of these inorganic materials. Furthermore, dual influences of ceramic and silver on thermal oxidative degradation of the composites were demonstrated by the analyses. The catalytic effects of compositions of ceramic and silver on PVB thermal oxidative degradation were evaluated by the analytical data. In addition, the formation of residual carbon left from the main thermal decomposition stage of PVB with different compositions of ceramic and silver was also discussed.