The morphology development of a polystyrene/polymethylmethacrylate blend has been investigated during uniaxial elongational flow. For this purpose linear conservative dichroism measurements are used to gather time-resolved information and scanning electron microscopy is performed on quenched samples. With the former technique the evolution of the droplet deformation in a semiconcentrated blend is studied in real time, whereas the latter technique was used for imaging individual droplets after the elongation. It is shown that the droplet deformation is affine for the conditions under investigation and that it is possible to predict the evolution of the dichroism by existing theories and the assumption of affine deformation. It has also been verified whether theological measurements can be used to deduce morphological information during elongational flow, as this method has been succesfully applied previously in simple shear flow. (C) 2005 The Society of Rheology.