Molecularly imprinted membranes are known to be applicable as recognition elements in separation, extraction and sensors, however, not as catalysts. In this paper, two different formats of molecularly imprinted membranes were generated and used as catalysts in a dehydrofluorination reaction. The first format was based on cellulose filter membranes which were coated with a polymer imprinted with a transition-state analogue of the chosen reaction. Alternatively, ground bulk polymers have been incorporated in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices on cellulose membranes. Both types of membranes were evaluated in membrane reactors. Either the substrate solution was pumped once only through the membrane, or the substrate solution was recirculated through the membrane. The coated membranes did not show any specific catalytic effect when comparing the molecularly imprinted with a non-imprinted control polymer membrane. Nevertheless, the PVA membranes containing the imprinted polymer particles showed specific catalytic effects, compared to PVA membranes with incorporated non-imprinted control polymer particles.