We propose core-shell InP-CdS and InP-ZnTe nanorods as photoelectrodes in the efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen production. Oil the basis of our systematic Study using strain-dependent k.p theory, we find that in these heterostructures both energies and wave function distributions of electrons and holes call be favorably tailored to a considerable extent by exploiting the interplay between quantum confinement and strain. Consequently, these core-shell nanorods with proper dimensions (height, core radius, and shell thickness) Call simultaneously satisfy all criteria for effective photoelectrodes in solar-based hydrogen production.