A theoretical study is presented for the dynamic electrophoretic response of a charged spherical particle in an unbounded electrolyte solution to a step change in the applied electric field. The electric double layer surrounding the particle may have an arbitrary thickness relative to the particle radius. The transient Stokes equations modified with the electrostatic effect which govern the fluid velocity field are linearized by assuming that the system is only slightly distorted from equilibrium. Semianalytical results for the transient electrophoretic mobility of the particle are obtained as a function of relevant parameters by using the Debye-Huckel approximation. The results demonstrate that the electrophoretic mobility of a particle with a constant relative mass density at a specified dimensionless time normalized by its steady-state quantity decreases monotonically with a decrease in the parameter kappa alpha, where kappa(-1) is the Debye screening length and a is the particle radius. For a given value of kappa alpha, a heavier particle lags behind a lighter one in the development of the electrophoretic mobility. In the limits of kappa alpha -> and kappa alpha = 0, our results reduce to the corresponding analytical solutions available in the literature. The electrophoretic acceleration of the particle is a monotonic decreasing function of the time for any fixed value of kappa alpha. In practical applications, the effect of the relaxation time for the transient electrophoresis is negligible, regardless of the value of kappa alpha or the relative mass density of the particle.