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Atomization and Sprays, Vol.16, No.2, 223-235, 2006
Numerical and experimental study on cylindrical swirl atomizers
The pressure swirl atomizer is widely used in liquid fuel combustion devices in the aerospace and power generation industries. The experimental and numerical predictions of air core diameter d(a), the coefficient of discharge C-d, and the spray cone angle psi of a cylindrical swirl-spray pressure atomizer have been made in the present study. The standard k-epsilon model of turbulence is used for numerical computation of flow within the nozzle. The diameter of the stable central air core inside the nozzle has been predicted at given operating conditions. The values of C-d and psi have been evaluated from the radial distribution of velocity components of liquid flow at the nozzle exit plane. It has been observed from numerical and experimental investigations that the coefficient of discharge C-d decreases, while the air core diameter d(a) and the spray cone angle psi increase with the increase in nozzle flow in its lower range. However, all these parameters, C-d, psi, and d(a), finally become independent of nozzle flow. Both d(a)/D and psi increase but C-d decreases with a decrease in D-p/D for the nozzles of constant L/D, where D-p, D and L are the entry port diameter, swirl chamber diameter, and length of atomizer, respectively. Also, both d(a)/D and psi decrease, while C-d increases with an increase in L/D for the nozzles of constant D-p/D.