화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.12, No.2, 165-174, March, 2006
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Design of Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Kyun-Won Park†, and Yung-Eun Sung1
  • Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
  • 1School of Chemical & Biological Engineering and Research Center for Energy Conversion & Storage, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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Due to their excellent catalytic activity with respect to methanol oxidation on platinum at low temperature, platinum nanosized catalysts have been a topic of great interest for use in direct methanol fuelcells (DMFCs). Because pure platinum is readily poisoned by CO, a by -product of methalol electrooxidation, and is extremely expensive, a number of efforts to design and characterize Pt-based alloy nanosized catalsts or Pt nanophase-support composites have been attempted in order to reduce or relieve the CO poisoning effect. In this review paper, we summarize these efforts based upon our recent research results. The Pt-based nanocatalysts were prepared through chemical synthesis and thin-film technology, and were charaterized using a variety of analyses. According to bifunctional mechanism, it was concluded that good alloy formation with a second methl (e.g., Ru), as well as the metallic state and the optimum portion of Ru in the anodecatalyst, contribute to the enhanced catalytic activity for methanol electrooxidation. In addition, we found that the modified dldctronic properties of platinum in Pt alloy electrodes, as well as the surface and bulk structures of Pt alloys in suitable compositions, could be attributed to the higher catalytic activity for methanol electrooxdation. The proton conductiog contribution of nanosized electrocatalysts should also be considered to be excellent in methanol electrooxidation (spillover effect). Finally, we confirmed the ensemble effect, which combined all of the effects listed above, in Pt-based nanocatalysts; PtRuRhNi and PtRuWO3, especially, contribute to an enhanced catalytic activity.
Keywords:direct methanol fuel cell;nanoparticle;electrocatalysis;methanol electrooxidation;anode
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