This study evaluated the effect of red mold rice supplementation on antifatigue and exercise-related changes in lipid peroxidation of male adult Wistar rats through swimming exercise. Thirty 16-week-old rats were studied by dividing them into three groups (ten for each group). Other than the control group (CD), the other two groups were divided into a high-dose (HD) treatment group (5 g red mold rice/kg body weight for the HD group), and a low-dose (LD) group (1 g red mold rice/kg body weight for the LD group). Swimming endurance tests were conducted after 28 days of red mold rice supplementation, and the result showed that the treatment group showed a higher exercise time (CD, 78.0 +/- 6.4; LD, 104.2 +/- 9.6; and HD, 129.4 +/- 10.9 min; p < 0.05) and a higher blood glucose concentration (CD, 76.67 +/- 8.08; LD, 111.34 +/- 8.50; and HD, 117.67 +/- 11.06 mg/dl; p < 0.05) than the CD. Moreover, the blood lactate (CD, 45.00 +/- 0.90; LD, 31.41 +/- 1.80; and HD, 28.89 +/- 1.62 mg/dl; p < 0.05), blood urea nitrogen (CD, 21.87 +/- 0.75; LD, 20.33 +/- 0.83; and HD, 20.53 +/- 1.09 mg/dl; p < 0.05), and hemoglobin (CD, 14.20 +/- 0.21; LD, 13.70 +/- 0.55; and HD, 13.28 +/- 0.35 g/dl; p < 0.05) were also significantly lower than those of the CD. Besides, the result suggested that the red mold rice supplementation may decrease the contribution of exercise-induced oxidative stress and improve the physiological condition of the rats.