The cocuring behaviors of 3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazine (PABz) and various N-phenylmaleimide compounds were studied with DSC, FTIR, and TGA-GC/MS. The presence of benzoxazine compound promoted the polymerization of maleimide groups. In contrast, 4-hydroxyphenylmaleimide (MI-OH) and 4-maleimidobenzoic acid (MI-COOH), which possess acidic moieties, showed an acid-catalytic effect on the polymerization of benzoxazine groups. The cocuring composition of P-ABz/MI-COOH showed low polymerization temperatures, high glass transition temperature above 220 degrees C, and comparable thermal stability to conventional polybenzoxazines. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.